Help:References

Working with References

This page establishes two things:

1. conventions for authors to use when citing work in their sections of the Wiki. Each citation should be followed by a linkable DOI or ISBN number if available
2. Procedure to include reference tags to ensure footnotes appear properly.

Reference Format

Durable Links for All Citations

DOI

Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is the preferred journal reference link where it exists.

DOI offers a permanent source for information about documents (digital objects) including where they can be found on the internet.

If your source does not include a DOI number, use Crossref.org to find the correct DOI. NOTE that this site is a free resource, but requires email registration.

The DOI.ORG site has more information.

DTIC

Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) is the preferred SERDP, ESTCP or other Department of Defense sponsored technical document.

Relevant citations can be found at DTIC.MIL and the link can be included in the reference for articles on ERWiki.

ISBN

International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is the preferred book reference.

The ISBN official website is ISBN.ORG.

The ISBN can be determined with knowledge about the author or title at ISBNSearch.org

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EPA/ITRC Reports

These reports typically have a catalog code number that is useful for identification. Additionally, a standard format of Author, Report Title, Report Name, Catalog Number, Report Date is used for this wiki.

Syntax

[LAST NAME], [FIRST NAME and/or INITIALS], [REPORT DATE YEAR], ["REPORT TITLE"]. [REPORT REFERNCE NUMBER (e.g. EPA/540/S-02/500]. [AGENCY NAME] [REPORT DATE MONTH] [REPORT DATE YEAR]

EXAMPLES

• Newell, C.J., H.S. Rifai, J.T. Wilson, J.A. Connor, J.A. Aziz and M.P. Suarez, 2002. Calculation and Use of First-Order Rate Constants for Monitored Natural Attenuation Studies. EPA/540/S-02/500. US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH, November 2002.

• Wiedemeier, T.H., M.A. Swanson, D.E. Moutoux, E.K. Gordon, J.T. Wilson, B.H. Wilson, D.H. Kambell, P.E. Haas, R.N. Miller, J.E. Hansen and F.H. Chapelle, 1998. Technical Protocol for Evaluating Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents in Ground Water. EPA/600/R-98/128. US Environmental Protection Agency, ORD, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Washington, DC. September 1998.

• USEPA, 1999. Final Directive: Use of Monitored Natural Attenuation at Superfund, RCRA Corrective Action, and Underground Storage Tank Sites. OSWER Directive 9200.4-17P. (http://www.epa.gov/swerust1/directiv/d9200417.htm)

• USEPA, 2006. Engineering Issue: In Situ Chemical Oxidation. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC, EPA/600/R-06/072.

• ITRC, 2002. A Systematic Approach to In Situ Bioremediation in Groundwater Including Decision Trees on In Situ Bioremediation for Nitrates, Carbon Tetrachloride, and Perchlorate. In Situ Bioremediation Team, Washington, D.C., Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council, August 2002. (http://www.itrcweb.org)

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Journal Articles

Journals

Syntax

[LAST NAME], [FIRST NAME and/or INITIALS], [JOURNAL PUBLICATION DATE YEAR], ["ARTICLE TITLE"]. [JOURNAL TITLE], [JOURNAL VOLUME NUMBER], [JOURNAL PAGE NUMBER(S)], [JOURNAL PUBLICATION DATE].

EXAMPLES

• Bokuniewicz, H. J., 1992. Analytical Descriptions of Subaqueous Groundwater Seepage. Estuaries 15(4): 458-464.

• Coates, J.D. and L.A. Achenbach, 2004. Microbial Perchlorate Reduction: Rocket Fueled Metabolism. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2: 569-580.

• Robertson, W.D., C.J. Ptacek and S.J. Brown, 2007. Geochemical and Hydrogeological Impacts of a Wood Particle Barrier Treating Nitrate and Perchlorate in Ground Water. Ground Water Monit. & Remed. 27 (2): 85-95, Spring 2007.

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Book Chapters

Syntax

EXAMPLES

• Coates, J.D and W.A. Jackson, 2009. Chapter 3, Principles of Perchlorate Treatment. In: Stroo, H.F and Ward, C.H. (eds). In Situ Bioremediation of Perchlorate in Groundwater. Springer Science + Business Media, LLC, New York City, NY, pp. 29-52. Doi:10.1007/978-0-387-84921-8_1

• Lieberman, M.T., N.L. Lindow, R.C. Borden and G.M. Birk, 2003. Chapter 32, Anaerobic Biodegradation and Biotransformation Using Emulsified Edible Oil. In: E.J. Calabrese, P.T. Kostecki and J. Dragun (eds.). Contaminated Soils, Sediments and Water: Science in the Real World. Springer, Vol. 9, pp. 485-500.

• Evans, P.J. and S. Koenigsberg, 2001. A Bioavailable Ferric Iron Assay and Relevance to Reductive Dechlorination. In: A. Leeson, B.C. Alleman, P.J. Alvarez and V.S. Magar (eds.), Bioaugmentation, Biobarriers, and Biogeochemistry. Battelle Press, Columbus, OH. Pp. 73-78

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ESTCP-SERDP Reports

Syntax

EXAMPLES

ESTCP, 2006. Field Demonstration and Validation of a New Device for Measuring Groundwater and Perchlorate Fluxes at IHDIV-NSWC, Indian Head, MD. Prepared by K. Hatfield, M.D. Annable and P.S.C. Rao, Project No. ER-0114, Environmental Security Technology Certification Program, Arlington, VA, July 2006.

ESTCP, 2007. Field and Laboratory Evaluation of the Potential for Monitored Natural Attenuation of Perchlorate in Groundwater, Final Technical Report. Prepared by M.T. Lieberman and R.C. Borden, Project No. ER-0428, Environmental Security Technology Certification Program, Arlington, VA, July 2007.

SERDP, 2008. Standardized Procedures for Use of Nucleic Acid-Based Tools. Literature Review Report. Prepared by C.A. LeBron, C. Acheson, C. Yeager, D. Major, E. Petrovskis, N. Barros, P. Dennis, X. Druar, J. Wilkinson, E. Ney, F. Loeffler, K. Ritalahti, J. Hart, E. Edwards, M. Duhamel and W. Chan, Project No. ER-1561, Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program, Arlington, VA, August 2008.

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Government/Department of Defense Reports

Syntax

EXAMPLES

Lorah, M.M., L.D. Olsen, B.L. Smith, M.A. Johnson, and W.B. Fleck, 1997. Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds in a Freshwater Tidal Wetland, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4171, Baltimore, MD, 95p.

CDHS (California Department of Health Services), 2007. Maximum Contaminant Levels – Inorganic Chemicals. 22 California Code of Regulations §64431.

Wiedemeier, T.H., J.T. Wilson, D.H. Kampbell, R.N. Miller and J.E. Hansen, 1995. Technical Protocol for Implementing Intrinsic Remediation with Long-Term Monitoring for Natural Attenuation of Fuel Contamination Dissolved in Groundwater, Volume II. Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence, Brooks Air Force Base, TX. November 1995.

AFCEE, NFESC, ESTCP, 2004. Principles and Practices of Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents. Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence, Brooks-City Base, TX, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Port Hueneme, CA, and Environmental Science and Technology Certification Program, Arlington, VA.

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Battelle (or other) Symposium Abstracts or Proceedings

Syntax

EXAMPLES

Li, H. and J.J. Jiao, 2003. Review of Analytical Studies of Tidal Groundwater Flow in Coastal Aquifer Systems. In: Proc. International Symposium on Water Resources and the Urban Environment. Wuhan, P.R. China, Nov 9-10, p 86-91.

Wilson, J.T. J.S. Cho and F.P. Beck, 1997. Field Estimation of Hydraulic Conductivity for Assessments of Natural Attenuation. In: Proc. 4th International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium, B.C. Alleman and A. Leeson (eds.), Vol 2. New Orleans, April 28–May 1, 1997. Battelle Press, Columbus OH. pp 309–314.

Grosen, B., K. Rugge and P. Johansen, 2011. Optimization and Documentation of Delivering Strategies for In Situ Groundwater Bioremediation. In: International Symposium on Bioremediation and Sustainable Environmental Technologies, H.V. Rectanus and R. Sirabian (Chairs), Reno, NV, June 27-30, 2011. Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH. ISBN 978-0-9819730-4-3

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Project Reports from Agencies or Consultants

Syntax

EXAMPLES

U.S. Geological Survey, 2006, Natural and Enhanced Attenuation of Benzene, Chlorobenzenes and Chlorinated Ethenes, Wastewater Treatment Plant, NAS Pensacola, 2006 Annual Report, U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia, SC.

CH2M HILL, 2010. Evaluation of Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination Treatment Progress, Study Area 17, Former Naval Training Center Orlando, Florida, February 23, 2010.

Creating Footnotes

Wiki pages create footnotes automatically when the content being referenced is followed by <ref>Full Citation</ref> within the body of the article. When one source is cited multiple times, the first instance of that citation can be named so that subsequent instances of the citation will not result in duplicative references. This is accomplished by using the following Wiki Code: <ref name="Citation Name">Full Citation Here</ref> for the first citation and <ref name="Citation Name" /> for subsequent citations. The article will automatically create only one footnote for the named reference and assign all subsequent citations to that one footnote.