<div id="mp-tfa" style="padding:0.0em 1.0em;">[[File:ThierryFig1.png|450px|left|link=Restoration of Ecological Func
...opane|Summary of anticipated, primary reaction pathways for degradation of 1,2,3-Trichloropropane (TCP). TCP is a man-made chemical that was used in the
15 KB (2,019 words) - 19:25, 30 December 2023
[[File:Denham-Article 2-Equation 1.PNG|150px|center]]
...ate the calculated aqueous speciation of uranium on an Eh-pH diagram (Fig. 1). The dominant species is different at different pH and Eh values (species
24 KB (3,645 words) - 21:43, 26 April 2022
...pgs. 29-37. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1401-9_2 doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1401-9_2]</ref>
...; carbon tetrachloride and tetrachloroethylene. Environmental Forensics, 1(2), 69-81. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/enfo.2000.0010 doi:10.1006/enfo.2000.
19 KB (2,341 words) - 02:54, 28 April 2022
| style="text-align:center;"| Level 1 Heading reserved for Page Name
6 KB (827 words) - 20:57, 4 May 2018
...nd water. He has experience with the behavior of chlorinated solvents and 1,4-dioxane, petroleum hydrocarbons, and fuel additives in groundwater. He h
2 KB (242 words) - 17:20, 17 January 2020
...n several DoD-sponsored research projects on cometabolic biodegradation of 1,4-Dioxane, innovative approaches for treatment of chlorinated solvents in l
2 KB (220 words) - 16:39, 4 February 2022
...[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4115-1 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4115-1]</ref>. In anaerobic groundwater, chlorinated alkenes can undergo a sequent
...ediation evaluation model for chlorinated solvents user’s manual Version 1.0. Cent. for subsurface model. support, US Environ. Prot. Agency, Ada, Okla
27 KB (3,804 words) - 15:14, 1 April 2024
...ge Meters for Quantifying Flow between Groundwater and Surface Water: Part 1 – Freshwater Settings. Earth-Science Reviews, 204(103167). [https://doi.o
...Leading Edge, 41 (8), pp. 540–547. [https://doi.org/10.1190/tle41080540.1 doi: 10.1190/tle41080540].</ref>]]
51 KB (7,290 words) - 19:40, 1 February 2024
...of the US getting drier, others getting wetter<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">
...ther events becoming more common</onlyinclude><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><onlyinclude>.</onlyinclude>
29 KB (4,108 words) - 13:53, 3 May 2022
...ure-sectors “Critical Infrastructure Sectors”.]</ref>, listed in Table 1, and detailed a plan to strengthen and maintain, secure, functioning, and r
|+Table 1. DHS Critical Infrastructure Sectors<ref name="CISAcis" />
26 KB (3,805 words) - 22:15, 26 April 2022
...ed by proteomics in genome annotation. Briefings in Functional Genomics, 7(1), pp. 50-62. [https://doi.org/10.1093/bfgp/eln010 doi: 10.1093/bfgp/eln010]
...ingerprinting to Omics. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 142(10), pp. 1-13. [https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001141 doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)
27 KB (3,796 words) - 18:54, 7 January 2022
* 1,4-Dioxane
* 1,4-Dioxane MNA (or MNA of 1,4-Dioxane)
11 KB (1,258 words) - 20:57, 4 May 2018
...in fractured sandstone, and determining the anaerobic biodegradability of 1,4-dioxane.
1 KB (147 words) - 15:25, 12 February 2019
[[File:Tabl1 Ogles qPCR.PNG |thumbnail|600px|right|Table 1. Potential qPCR assays for common and emerging contaminants.]]
.... Microbiological Reviews, 59(1), 143-169. [http://mmbr.asm.org/content/59/1/143.short Journal Article]</ref>; plate count results are therefore biased
22 KB (2,889 words) - 22:07, 26 April 2022
...Molecular Biology Reviews, 59(1), 143-169. [http://mmbr.asm.org/content/59/1/143.short Journal Article]</ref>
*'''Cultivation independent''': Less than 1% of bacteria can be cultivated (grown) in the laboratory<<ref name="Amann19
14 KB (1,902 words) - 22:04, 26 April 2022
...Geochemistry. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ. ISBN 0-02-367412-1</ref><ref>Drever, J.I., 1997. The Geochemistry of Natural Waters: Surface a
[[File:Denham Equation page 1.PNG|575 px|center]]
17 KB (2,465 words) - 00:06, 17 February 2017
|[[Biodegradation - 1,4-Dioxane]]
|[[1,2,3-Trichloropropane]]||[[Dr. Alexandra Salter-Blanc |Salter-Blanc, Alexand
13 KB (1,800 words) - 20:01, 29 April 2022
...IM components, namely 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), nitrotriazelone (3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, NTO), and nitroguanidine (NQ).
...A6W-08, Protocol No. 0A6W-38-08-02-01, Subchronic oral toxicity of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) in rats. U.S. Army Public Health Command, Toxicolog
22 KB (3,264 words) - 20:57, 4 May 2018
...viro.wiki/images/b/b6/2006_EPA_542-R-06-009.pdf Treatment Technologies for 1,4-Dioxane: Fundamentals and Field Applications]
3 KB (340 words) - 01:46, 28 April 2022
*[[1,2,3-Trichloropropane]]
*[[1,4-Dioxane]]
2 KB (249 words) - 02:44, 28 April 2022
*[[Biodegradation - 1,4-Dioxane]]
1 KB (153 words) - 21:22, 26 April 2022
...ncy Response, Washington, D.C. EPA/540/F-96/008. [//www.enviro.wiki/images/1/1b/EPA-1996-User%E2%80%99s_Guide_to_the_VOCs_in_Soils_Presumptive_Remedy.pd
...iver National Laboratory, Aiken, South Carolina. SRNL-STI-2009-00571, Rev. 1. [//www.enviro.wiki/images/0/06/Kamath-2010-Passive_Soil_Vapor_Extraction-S
16 KB (2,250 words) - 20:57, 21 February 2022
*[[1,2,3-Trichloropropane]]
1 KB (140 words) - 18:48, 3 February 2021
...and logging tools using a percussion hammer and vehicle weight (e.g. Figs 1, 2). Sampling and logging tools are advanced by rearrangement and compressi
[[File:McCall-Article 1-Figure 1.PNG|275px|thumb|right|Figure 1. A track mounted DP machine set up for collection of soil and groundwater s
14 KB (1,927 words) - 21:53, 26 April 2022
...& Regulatory Council, 2007. Vapor intrusion pathway: A practical guide. VI-1. ITRC Vapor Intrusion Team, Washington, D.C. [//www.enviro.wiki/images/0/06
[[File:McCall Article 2. Figure 1.PNG|left|thumb|250px|Figure 1. Sampling sequence with an open-barrel, single-tube soil sampling system. T
26 KB (3,624 words) - 21:55, 26 April 2022
[[File:McCall Article 3 Figure 1.PNG|thumbnail|left|300 px|Figure 1. General components of a DP logging system.]]
...probe. Most of these logging systems have several features in common (Fig. 1). The probe provides an interface between the measurement device and the fo
32 KB (4,559 words) - 21:54, 26 April 2022
[[File: Schwartz1w2Fig1.PNG | thumb | 500px | Figure 1. Conceptual model of mercury speciation in the environment<ref>European Co
...onment. MeHg production occurs in anoxic environments and is affected by: (1) the bioavailability of Hg(II) complexes to Hg-[[Wikipedia: Methylation | m
17 KB (2,394 words) - 21:33, 11 January 2022
...| perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)]], [[1,4-Dioxane | 1,4-dioxane]], and many more.
[[File: Nagar1w2Fig1.png | thumb | 400px | Figure 1. Water phase diagram showing the supercritical water region (not to scale)
17 KB (2,487 words) - 20:27, 4 May 2022
...ber 4322. Water Research Foundation, Denver, Colorado. 123 pages. ISBN 978-1-60573-234-3</ref>
...itrcweb.org/ Website] [//www.enviro.wiki/images/2/2e/ITRC_PFAS-1.pdf Report.pdf]</ref>
38 KB (5,183 words) - 00:48, 28 April 2022
...chemical properties of the 16 USEPA-regulated PAHs are presented in Table 1.
[[File:Richardson-Article 1-Table 1.JPG|thumbnail|600px|center|Table 1. Chemical structures and selected properties of the 16 USEPA priority pollu
18 KB (2,440 words) - 03:04, 28 April 2022
...y Wastes: A Field Guidance Book for Federal On-scene Coordinators, Version 1.0, October 2003. Region 6 South Central Response and Prevention Branch. [[m
...utrients to enhance biodegradation by naturally occurring bacteria (Figure 1). Fertilizers such as urea and triple superphosphate (TSP) are used to prov
15 KB (2,188 words) - 02:13, 28 April 2022
...ediation. The [[Media:RemediationPerformance.mp4 | video]] shown in Figure 1 presents a summary of remediation performance at 235 chlorinated solvent si
[[File:RemediationPerformance.mp4 | 400px | thumb | left | Figure 1. Remediation performance at 235 chlorinated solvent sites.]]
24 KB (3,252 words) - 16:25, 14 August 2019
...etion Rate Assessment. Applied NAPL Science Review (ANSR), Volume 6, Issue 1, May.</ref>. NSZD processes occur at most petroleum release sites and quant
...2009. Evaluating Natural Source Zone Depletion at Sites with LNAPL. LNAPL-1. Washington, D.C.: Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council, LNAPLs Team.
36 KB (5,231 words) - 20:46, 27 April 2022
...ompounds, PAHs, and BTEX), and emerging contaminants (such as explosives, 1,4-dioxane, endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceutical and personal care
1 KB (142 words) - 20:57, 4 May 2018
...cals of Major Public Health Concern]</ref> are quite variable (e.g., Table 1). The behavior of metal contaminants in groundwater depends on the nature o
|+Table 1. Several metal/metalloid contaminants of concern in groundwater (revised fr
24 KB (3,517 words) - 02:56, 28 April 2022
...nt-based modeling software system developed for personal computers. Figure 1 is a home screen shot of the software with application to [http://www.wood.
....E. Johnson, and J.A. Gerald. 2012. Extension of capabilities for the tier 1 and tier 2 approaches within the training range environmental evaluation an
12 KB (1,794 words) - 20:38, 27 April 2022
...boundaries of the specific project phase</onlyinclude> (left side, Figure 1)<onlyinclude>. SURF provides a framework that advocates thinking holistical
[[File:Favara-Article 1-Figure 1-Exhibit-2.jpg|500px|thumbnail|center|Figure 1. Comparison of linear versus holistic approach to integrating sustainabilit
20 KB (2,650 words) - 21:01, 26 April 2022
...ediation evaluation model for chlorinated solvents user’s manual Version 1.0. Cent. for subsurface model. support, US Environ. Prot. Agency, Ada, Okla
...r New York. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6922-3_6 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6922-3_6]</ref>
22 KB (3,226 words) - 20:57, 4 May 2018
...iness Media. 523 pgs. [https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3102-5 doi: 10.1007/1-4020-3102-5]</ref>
...ands. 371 pgs. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4912-5 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-4912-5]</ref>
14 KB (1,927 words) - 22:00, 26 April 2022
...chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) since the early 2000s (Fig. 1)<ref>ESTCP, 2002. Final Report-Impact of Landfill Closure Designs on Long-T
[[File:Gamlin SBGR Figure 1.PNG|800px|thumbnail|center|Figure 1. Typical subgrade biogeochemical reactor (SBGR) layout.]]
15 KB (2,092 words) - 02:19, 28 April 2022
...r and Diet and a co-author of Environmental Investigation and Remediation: 1,4-Dioxane and Other Solvent Stabilizers (Second Edition).
1 KB (144 words) - 16:27, 22 March 2021
...these emerging contaminants at 100’s of sites. Bill frequently conducts 1,4-dioxane and PFAS training for a variety of groups, including the Intersta
1 KB (176 words) - 14:08, 11 February 2021
...ediation evaluation model for chlorinated solvents user’s manual Version 1.0. Cent. for subsurface model. support, US Environ. Prot. Agency, Ada, Okla
...r, New York. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1401-9_6 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1401-9_6]</ref>
24 KB (3,388 words) - 19:46, 16 December 2019
...r answering specific questions related to contaminant biodegradation (Fig. 1).
[[File:Fig1_MBT_Olges.JPG|thumbnail|left|600px|Figure 1. Questions that MBTs can answer.]]
20 KB (2,658 words) - 22:05, 26 April 2022
...o‐Traps<sup>®</sup> and Stable Isotope Probing. Remediation Journal, 23(1), 7-22. [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/rem.21335/abstract doi:
...o the study. Such a passive sampler is deployed in a monitoring well (Fig. 1).
17 KB (2,397 words) - 22:08, 26 April 2022
...ield, extraction wells and pumps, and an effluent treatment system (Figure 1).
[[File:Heron1w1Fig1.png|thumbnail|600px|Figure 1. Steam Enhanced Extraction schematic.]]
10 KB (1,487 words) - 02:41, 28 April 2022
..., and 2% contained [[wikipedia: 1,1-Dichloroethane | 1,1-dichloroethane (1,1-DCA)]].
...solvents and their transformation products in groundwater are good (Table 1).
24 KB (3,239 words) - 20:57, 4 May 2018
...Geochemistry. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ. ISBN 0-02-367412-1</ref><ref>Drever, J.I., 1997. The Geochemistry of Natural Waters: Surface a
[[File:Denham Equation page 1.PNG|575 px|center]]
17 KB (2,473 words) - 21:44, 26 April 2022
...committee that recently released a vapor intrusion mitigation standard for 1-4 family residential buildings. He has recently completed a DoD study of th
1 KB (220 words) - 19:23, 11 July 2018
[[Wikipedia: 1,2,3-Trichloropropane | 1,2,3-Trichloropropane (TCP)]] is a chlorinated volatile organic compound (CV
...en Johnson, G., DeVoe, T., and Lee, P., 2010. Prospects for Remediation of 1,2,3-Trichloropropane by Natural and Engineered Abiotic Degradation Reaction
37 KB (5,042 words) - 03:07, 28 April 2022
...k. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-99323-1 doi: 10.1007/978-3-211-99323-1]</ref>. For example, marine algae produce chloromethane as part of a chemic
[[File:Freedman Article 1 Equation 1.PNG|150px|center|]]
32 KB (4,314 words) - 21:35, 26 April 2022
...tored natural attenuation of inorganic contaminants in groundwater, Volume 1 Technical basis for assessment, Edited by R.G. Ford, R.T. Wilkin, and R.W.
...processes to metals and radionuclides, Technical/Regulatory Guidance AMPR-1. [[Media:ITRC-2010-A_Decision_Framework.pdf|Report pdf]]</ref>
14 KB (2,087 words) - 20:40, 27 April 2022
[[File:Krug-Article 1. Fig1 perchlorate.jpg|thumbnail|left|450px|Figure 1. Perchlorate releases and drinking water detections<ref name="ITRC2008TG" /
...perchlorate in soil and groundwater<ref>Cox, E., 2008. Final Report: Phase 1, Evaluation of alternative causes of widespread, low concentration perchlor
18 KB (2,424 words) - 02:59, 28 April 2022
...contaminated soils and groundwater: an evaluation. Engineering Geology, 60(1), 193-207. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-7952(00)00101-0 doi: 10.1016/S0
...aminant removal technologies each with advantages and disadvantages (Table 1).
26 KB (3,563 words) - 02:14, 28 April 2022
[[File:Chu-Article1-Figure1.jpg|475px|thumbnail|left|Figure 1. Generic oxygenase enzyme reactions with NAD(P)H serving as reductant. Scha
...effan, R.J. and Zylstra, G.J., 2012. Biodegradation of tetrahydrofuran and 1, 4-dioxane by soluble diiron monooxygenase in Pseudonocardia sp. strain ENV
18 KB (2,328 words) - 05:07, 30 November 2021
...f><ref>Borden, R.C., 2007, Anaerobic Bioremediation of Perchlorate and 1,1,1-Trichloroethane in an Emulsified Oil Barrier, Journal of Contaminant Hydrol
...oC. Figure 1 shows a typical pattern of SWQI parameters with time in the: 1) injection area; 2) near plume (25 m downgradient); 3) medium-distance plum
22 KB (3,292 words) - 02:01, 28 April 2022
...il: Pilot field tests of STAR. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(24), 1-9. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b03177 doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03177]
::[[File:Gerhard Equation 1.JPG|350px]]<br />
25 KB (3,776 words) - 23:45, 1 April 2024
...eatment Impact on a CVOC Plume. Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation, 36(1), pp. 26-37. [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/gwmr.12148/fu
[[File:Heron Combined therm Fig1.PNG|550px|thumbnail|right| Figure 1. Conceptual model of a complex site with multiple zones with different leve
9 KB (1,229 words) - 02:39, 28 April 2022
...13</sup>C. Typically occurring under natural conditions in the ratio of 99:1, the small relative differences in the ratio of <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup
...MTBE: microcosm and field evidence. Environmental Science & Technology, 39(1), 213-220. [https://doi.org/10.1021/es040420e doi: 10.1021/es040420e]</ref>
30 KB (4,077 words) - 21:52, 26 April 2022
...heat to temperatures that mobilize the contaminants for extraction (Figure 1). Typical ERH systems utilize three-phase alternating current applied to bu
[[File:Heron3w1Fig1.png|600px|thumbnail|Figure 1. Electrical Resistance Heating Schematic]]
11 KB (1,518 words) - 02:40, 28 April 2022
...hydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetreazocine (HMX)), nitrate esters (e.g. nitroglycerin (NG), pentaer
...ation of sites contaminated with energetic materials (No. ERDC/CRREL-TR-02-1) U.S. Armu Environmental Center SFIM-AEC-TC-CR-200170. [//www.enviro.wiki/i
23 KB (3,047 words) - 20:11, 27 April 2022
...ary ranges: Camp Edwards, Massachusetts, USA. Environmental Pollution, 129(1), 13-21. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2003.10.002 doi: 10.1016/j.env
...ellant charges (referred to as a “blow-in-place” [BIP] operation; Fig. 1). Propellants, explosive loads, and pyrotechnic loads or tracers all contai
31 KB (4,268 words) - 20:28, 27 April 2022
...nd transformation of energetic compounds are of interest for two reasons: (1) these chemicals are toxic and can harm humans, animals and plants, and (2)
[[File:Taylor-Article 1-T1.PNG|500 px|thumbnail]]
27 KB (3,946 words) - 20:33, 27 April 2022
...siness Media. 523 pgs. [https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3102-5 doi: 10.1007/1-4020-3102-5]</ref>
...ands. 371 pgs. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4912-5 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-4912-5]</ref>
23 KB (3,215 words) - 21:58, 26 April 2022
...o the environment. Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, 26(1-3), 5-28. [https://doi.org/10.1159/000443997 doi:10.1159/000443997]</ref>
...tic hydrocarbons (PAHs): A review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 169(1), 1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.137</ref><ref name="Xue2015
31 KB (4,212 words) - 21:19, 1 April 2024
...4419-7825-7. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4]</ref>
...oundtable), 2008. Field Sampling and Analysis Technologies Matrix, Version 1. [http://www.frtr.gov/site http://www.frtr.gov/site]</ref>. Because of the
23 KB (3,226 words) - 02:02, 28 April 2022
...taminants| metals, metalloids]], and [[Perchlorate | perchlorate]] (Tables 1, 2).
|+Table 1. Biodegradation processes for perchlorate and common organic contaminants.
42 KB (5,517 words) - 02:47, 28 April 2022
[[File:Mackinnon-Article 2- figure 1.PNG|300px|thumbnail|right|Figure 1. Amendment addition for biobarrier.]]
*A linear treatment zone, referred to as a biobarrier (Fig. 1), treats contaminants as they flow through the biologically active zone to
23 KB (3,119 words) - 01:53, 28 April 2022
...4419-7825-7. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4]</ref><ref name="McGuire2016">McGuire, T., 2016. Development of
...concentrations before and after treatment<ref name="McGuire2016"/>. Figure 1 shows change in geometric means of parent compound (left panel) and change
14 KB (1,732 words) - 02:01, 28 April 2022
...9-1401-9. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1401-9_15 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1401-9_15]</ref>
...ies: significance of low Eh reactions. Soil & Sediment Contamination, 17(1), 63-74. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15320380701741438 doi: 10.1080/15320380
28 KB (3,865 words) - 02:03, 28 April 2022
[[File:Newell-Article 1-Fig1r.JPG|thumbnail|left|400px|Figure 1. Hydraulic gradient (typically described in units of m/m or ft/ft) is the d
...ure and gravitational energy) toward areas of lower hydraulic head (Figure 1). The rate of change (slope) of the hydraulic head is known as the hydrauli
34 KB (4,751 words) - 03:24, 28 April 2022
[[File:Heron-Article 1. Figure 1.PNG|400px|thumbnail|left|Figure 1. Candidate site for ISTR application with significant NAPL source material.
...L) has migrated to significant depth and constitutes a source zone (Figure 1)<onlyinclude>.</onlyinclude>
14 KB (1,980 words) - 02:27, 28 April 2022
...approaches for injection and distribution of aqueous amendments include: (1) active injection with continuous recirculation of groundwater; (2) semi-pa
...ia. 325 pgs. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2239-6 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-2239-6]</ref>
15 KB (2,094 words) - 02:11, 28 April 2022
...monitoring compliance, statistical tools for the project life cycle. GSMC-1. Washington, D.C.: Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council, Groundwater
[[File:Adamson-Article 2-Table 1.PNG|thumbnail|right|600 px|Table 1. Monitoring data required to determine long-term attenuation rate.]]
13 KB (1,736 words) - 22:01, 26 April 2022
...ine the true long-term change in contaminant concentration over time (Fig. 1).
[[File:Fig1 LTM DataVariability.jpg|thumbnail|600 px|center|Figure 1. Effect of short-term variability on evaluation of long-term contaminant at
11 KB (1,566 words) - 22:02, 26 April 2022
...from a contaminated groundwater site over an extended period of time (Fig. 1). Typically, groundwater is the medium sampled and the analyses focus on th
[[File:Fig1 LTM1 Overview.jpg|thumbnail|center|850 px|Figure 1. Example of long term monitoring (LTM) data from 52 source zone monitoring
16 KB (2,259 words) - 22:01, 26 April 2022
...blic wells contained MTBE at concentrations > 0.2 µg/L, and approximately 1% of wells contained toluene at concentrations > 0.2 µg/L.
[[File:Wilson 2 Figure 1. BTEX.PNG|thumbnail|right|600 px|Figure 1. Distribution of BTEX plume lengths from 604 hydrocarbon sites<ref name="Ne
20 KB (2,913 words) - 20:40, 27 April 2022
*[//www.enviro.wiki/images/1/1d/ITRC-2006-Technology_Overview_of_Passive_Sampler_Technologies.pdf Techno
[[File:Fig1 PassiveSampling.jpg|thumbnail|400 px|right|Figure 1. The Snap Sampler<sup>TM</sup> is an example of a passive grab sampler. The
21 KB (2,965 words) - 22:01, 26 April 2022
...ozone]] (discussed below) are the most common oxidants used in ISCO (Table 1<ref name = "Huling2006" />). However, peroxone, percarbonate, and [[wikiped
[[File:Crimi 2 Table1.JPG|thumbnail|550 px|center|Table 1. Common oxidants used in ISCO (adapted from Huling and Pivetz, 2006<ref nam
11 KB (1,488 words) - 02:03, 28 April 2022
...Sites. Technical Report TR-NAVFAC-EXWC-EV-1603. [//www.enviro.wiki/images/1/1a/DON_-_2015._A_Quantitative_Decision...Tech_Rpt_TR-NAVFAC-EXWC-EV-1603.pd
...r intrusion: Fundamentals of screening, investigation, and management. PVI-1. Washington, D.C. Petroleum Vapor Intrusion Team. [//www.enviro.wiki/images
26 KB (3,631 words) - 21:46, 26 April 2022
*[[1,4-Dioxane]]
*[[Biodegradation - 1,4-Dioxane]]
932 bytes (110 words) - 15:22, 16 October 2019
[[File:Deeb-Article 1-Figure 1.JPG|thumbnail|right|400px|Figure 1. a) Structure of a perfluoroalkyl substance, PFOS, compared with b) the str
...ntains [[wikipedia: Carbon–hydrogen bond | carbon-hydrogen bonds]] (Fig. 1).
42 KB (5,615 words) - 14:36, 3 December 2018
[[File:Truex 1 Fig1.png|thumbnail|400 px|right|Figure 1. Xanthan gum concentration influence on fluid viscosity and rheology for se
...er using shear‐thinning fluids. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 31(1), 50-58. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01319.x doi: 10.1111/j
15 KB (2,001 words) - 02:12, 28 April 2022
...ing more and [[wikipedia:Nitroguanidine |nitroguanidine (NQ)]] and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) having little adsorption. While overall energetic m
...|2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN)]], and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) (Fig. 1). Liquid propellants, like [[Perchlorate | perchlorate]], are not discussed
29 KB (4,075 words) - 20:37, 27 April 2022
[[File:Salter-Blanc-Chemistry-Equation 1.PNG|center|180 px]]
...hnson, R.L., 2006. Nanotechnologies for environmental cleanup. Nano today, 1(2), pp. 44-48. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1748-0132(06)70048-2 doi:10.1016
17 KB (2,286 words) - 02:04, 28 April 2022
...York, NY.[https://www.springer.com/us/book/9781461469216 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6922-3]</ref>
...ulatory Council Remediation Management of Complex Sites Team.[https://rmcs-1.itrcweb.org Website]</ref>
21 KB (2,909 words) - 01:32, 28 April 2022
...olvents | trichloroethene (TCE)]] and then to [[Chlorinated Solvents | cis-1,2-dichloroethene(cDCE)]] can occur at a pH as low as 5.5. However, rates o
...name= "Li2012">Li, Y.X., 2012. Adaptation of a Dechlorinating Culture, KB-1, to Acidic Environments. M.S. Thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, C
20 KB (2,768 words) - 02:00, 28 April 2022
...Use of the mass flux/discharge approach combines three different factors: 1) contaminant concentration in groundwater; 2) groundwater flow rate through
...on: Evaluation at two field sites. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 102(1-2), pp.140-153. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.05.008 doi: 10.1016
48 KB (7,175 words) - 01:50, 2 May 2022
*This is your recommendation to reader of the 1 or 2 best references for more info.
9 KB (1,351 words) - 21:23, 14 January 2019
...>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>) gradually acidifying the soil. Figure 1 shows soil pH in the contiguous United States.
...Soil pH]). Alkaline soils (pH>7.4) are shown in blue. Acidic soils (pH<6.1) are shown in brown.]]
33 KB (5,378 words) - 01:57, 28 April 2022
[[File:Borden3w2_Fig1.PNG|thumbnail| Figure 1. Photo-micrograph of EVO (0.7 µm median diameter). White scale bar 25 µm
...ping and also improves transport through typical aquifer materials (Figure 1). Some product vendors provide more concentrated EVO products containing o
32 KB (4,599 words) - 01:58, 28 April 2022
[[File:PFASupdate2019Fig1.png | thumbnail | left | 700 px |Figure 1. PFAS families of compounds<ref name="OECD2015">Organisation for Economic C
[[File:Deeb-Article 1-Figure 1.JPG|thumbnail|right|400 px|Figure 2. a) Structure of a perfluoroalkyl subst
36 KB (4,894 words) - 00:45, 28 April 2022
...focused on contaminants of concern to the Department of Defense, including 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB), N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), perchlorate, methyl t
1,023 bytes (126 words) - 20:36, 14 February 2019
[[File:Hatzinger1w2 Fig1.png|thumb|Figure 1. NDMA chemical structure]]
...h [[wikipedia:Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine | 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine]] (1,1-DMH or UDMH). It is also frequently reported at ng/L concentrations in wate
12 KB (1,634 words) - 02:58, 28 April 2022
...neers, Public Works Technical Bulletin 200-1-95. [//www.enviro.wiki/images/1/18/2011-ACOE-pwtb_200_1_95.pdf Report.pdf]</ref>
...ing soils from contaminated ammunition production sites. Error bars are ± 1 standard deviation. IVSP = in-vessel static pile; MAIV = mechanically agita
13 KB (1,849 words) - 20:28, 27 April 2022
|+<div style="text-align: center;"> Table 1. Observed Batch Kinetics for the Alkaline Destruction of Secondary Explosi
!Pseudo 1<sup>st</sup> Order<br />Decay Constant<br />(min<sup>-1</sup>)(10<sup>-3</sup>)
19 KB (2,643 words) - 20:27, 27 April 2022
...oethane (1,1-DCA)]], [[Wikipedia: 1,2-Dichloroethane | 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA)]], [[Wikipedia: Chloroform | chloroform]], and [[Wikipedia: Carbon t
...w to ensure the contaminant plume is intercepted for treatment (See Figure 1) so contaminant flow beneath, around, or above the treatment system does no
20 KB (2,715 words) - 02:05, 28 April 2022
<div id="mp-tfa" style="padding:0.0em 0.5em;">[[File:Edwards Article 1-figure 1.PNG|200 px|left|]]<dailyfeaturedpage> </dailyfeaturedpage><br>
...opane|Summary of anticipated, primary reaction pathways for degradation of 1,2,3-Trichloropropane (TCP). TCP is a man-made chemical that was used in the
12 KB (1,567 words) - 17:50, 10 May 2019
..., as the aquifer is remediated and contaminant concentrations drop below 0.1 mg/L, non-linear sorption has a much more pronounced impact, slowing aquife
...io of carbonaceous material. The sorption coefficient (per gram carbon) is 1-2 orders of magnitude greater for more condensed carbonaceous matter, as in
15 KB (2,236 words) - 21:45, 26 April 2022
*[[1,4-Dioxane]]
367 bytes (43 words) - 14:12, 23 April 2019
*[[1,4-Dioxane]]
*[[Biodegradation - 1,4-Dioxane]]
1 KB (124 words) - 15:21, 16 October 2019
...soil or groundwater, through the soil and into an overlying building (Fig. 1).
[[File:Weaver1w2fig1.png|thumb|right|500 px|Figure 1 Typical conceptual models for vapor intrusion from a release of petroleum h
20 KB (2,842 words) - 21:47, 26 April 2022
...d Adams, E.E., 1992. Field study of dispersion in a heterogeneous aquifer: 1. Overview and site description. Water Resources Research, 28(12), pp.3281-3
...Springer, Dordrecht. [https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3102-5_2 doi: 10.1007/1-4020-3102-5_2]</ref>
54 KB (8,229 words) - 21:52, 26 April 2022
...tial pathways of metal(loid) release on shooting ranges is shown in Figure 1. Upon exposure to the atmosphere, initially zero-valent metal(loid)s are ox
[[File:Barker1w2 Fig1.png|thumb|500 px|left|Figure 1. Simplified schematic of shooting ranges with berm-style backstops that typ
32 KB (4,737 words) - 01:53, 2 May 2022
...ation rates and growth of Dehalococcoides spp. Bioresource Technology, 103(1), pp.286-292. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.119 doi: 10.1016/
...Electron shuttle-mediated biotransformation of hexahydro-1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-triazine adsorbed to granular activated carbon. Environmental science
17 KB (2,333 words) - 02:09, 28 April 2022
...rSample_FINAL_%281%29.mp4 | [[Media: ER-201505CollectingSewerSample_FINAL_(1).mp4 | Figure 3. Sewer Vapor Sample Collection Video]]]] Not all sites are
...the line, or correcting plumbing defects. Examples are provided in Table 1.
17 KB (2,459 words) - 21:48, 26 April 2022
[[wikipedia: 1,4-Dioxane | 1,4-Dioxane]] (14D) is a heterocyclic synthetic organic chemical that contain
*[[Biodegradation - 1,4-Dioxane]]
41 KB (5,780 words) - 02:45, 28 April 2022
...28(3), pp.856-890. [https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-169.1 doi: 10.1577/M06-169.1]</ref>
...(6), pp.1926-1931. [https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1574.1 doi: 10.1890/10-1574.1]</ref>. Instead, watershed-scale approaches focusing on improving land mana
31 KB (4,259 words) - 02:17, 28 April 2022
[[File:Bekins1w2 Fig1.jpg|thumb|600 px|left|Figure 1. Map of the site located near Bemidji, MN, showing oil pipelines, location
...n a high-pressure pipeline ruptured along a seam, spilling 10,700 barrels (1.7 million liters) of
38 KB (5,623 words) - 02:00, 2 May 2022
:1 Bethel Valley Rd
704 bytes (96 words) - 19:06, 7 October 2019
...groundwater contaminant plumes. It is a significant upgrade from REMChlor 1.0<ref>Falta, R.W., 2008. Methodology for comparing source and plume remedia
[[File:Falta1w2 Fig1.png|thumb|450px|Figure 1. Spread of CVOCs in the Subsurface]]
17 KB (2,510 words) - 01:33, 28 April 2022
[[1,4-Dioxane]] (14D) does not readily biodegrade in most environments. However
*[[1,4-Dioxane]]
23 KB (3,148 words) - 05:05, 30 November 2021
[[File:Ghosh1w2Fig1.png|thumb|450px|Figure 1. Key Exposure Pathways for Human Health Risk at Contaminated Sediment Sites
...n is needed for the formulation of a robust site conceptual model. Figure 1 illustrates typical transport pathways between sediment and receptors in a
13 KB (1,690 words) - 20:04, 27 April 2022
...library.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.4319/lo.2007.52.1.0370 DOI:10.4319/lo.2007.52.1.0370]</ref><onlyinclude>. Often, but not always, blooms are formed by a sin
[[File:Hall1w2Fig1.png|thumb|Figure 1. Phytoplankton come in many shapes and sizes.]]
23 KB (3,344 words) - 22:16, 26 April 2022
[[File:Wilson1w2Fig1.png|thumb|400px| Figure 1. Attenuation of Trichloroethene (TCE) over time in a monitoring well at a
| '''Equation 1:''' || || <big>''r = k [C]</big><sup> m</sup>''
26 KB (3,976 words) - 20:47, 27 April 2022
...c Foundation for the Climate Change Forecast. ISBN 978-1-4051-9616-1/978-1-4051-9617-8</ref>. The numerical models representing the energy balance of
[[File:Kotamarthi1w2Fig1.png|thumb|left|Figure 1. Global surface temperature anomalies for the past 100+ years compared to t
19 KB (2,945 words) - 01:39, 28 December 2023
[[File:Beal1w2 Fig1.png|thumb|300 px|left|Figure 1: Downrange distance of visible propellant plume on snow from the firing of
...olition areas, high order detonations typically yield very small amounts (<1 to 10 mg/round) of residual high explosive compounds (e.g., [[Wikipedia: TN
20 KB (2,853 words) - 20:37, 27 April 2022
...PAH speciation and bioavailability. Environmental Science & Technology, 31(1), pp.203-209. [https://doi.org/10.1021/es960317s doi: 10.1021/es960317s]</r
...ediment treatment versus its use as an active cap is illustrated in Figure 1. When used for ''in situ'' treatment, the AC is incorporated into the surfi
21 KB (3,006 words) - 20:05, 27 April 2022
...ted in multiple industry advocacy efforts related to LNAPL. These include: 1) chairing the ASTM task group that created the standard for estimation of L
2 KB (232 words) - 19:34, 23 June 2020
...bution and Recovery of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Liquids in Porous Media. Vol. 1. API Publication 4760. [//www.enviro.wiki/images/7/7a/API2007_LDRM.pdf Rep
[[File:Kirkman1w2Fig1.png|thumb|left|Figure 1. LNAPL Distribution in a research sand tank<ref>Hawkins, A. M., 2013. Pro
27 KB (3,973 words) - 16:26, 16 September 2020
[[File:Lotufo1w2Fig1.png|thumb |left|650px| Figure 1. Underwater munitions are derived from UXO and historical disposal practice
...ped conventional munitions." Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 42, no. 1 (2017): 98-105. [https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.20160 doi:10.1002/prep.20160]
44 KB (6,348 words) - 14:51, 1 April 2024
...th petroleum contamination in soils and groundwater is challenging because 1) PHCs in the form of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) can become tr
...es. American Petroleum Institute, Washington DC. [//www.enviro.wiki/images/1/12/Newell-1998-chararacterization_of_dissolved_Pet._Hydro_Plumes.pdf Repor
54 KB (7,610 words) - 03:02, 28 April 2022
<blockquote>''Experience of the last few decades has taught us: 1) our best efforts often leave some LNAPL in place, and 2) the remaining LNA
[[File: Farhat1w2Fig1.png | thumb | right | 350px | Figure 1. Dual Pump LNAPL Recovery System (Sale et al. 2018)<ref name="Sale2018" />
28 KB (3,887 words) - 02:09, 2 May 2022
...ndole-Acetic-Acid in Organomodified Montmorillonite. Scientific Reports, 6(1), Article 32949. [https://doi.org/10.1038/srep32949 doi: 10.1038/srep32949]
[[File:WittFig1.png | thumb |600px|Figure 1. Schematic of PRD mechanism<ref name="WittEtAl2023"/>]]
16 KB (2,161 words) - 20:12, 8 May 2024
...rg/10.1017/9781107588783 DOI: 10.1017/9781107588783] ISBN: 978-1-107-06605-2</ref>
...rg/10.1017/9781108601269 DOI: 10.1017/9781108601269] ISBN: 978-1-108-47375-0</ref>
20 KB (2,793 words) - 22:14, 26 April 2022
...ADR equation for a continuous source of a non-reactive tracer with ''R'' = 1, λ = 0, ''v'' = 5 m/yr, and ''D<sub>x</sub>'' = 10 m<sup>2</sup>/yr.]]
...ed by the advection-dispersion-reaction equation. As shown below (Equation 1), the ADR equation describes the change in dissolved solute concentration (
15 KB (2,048 words) - 21:23, 18 September 2020
...for Passive In-Situ Remediation. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 38(1), pp. 56–65. [https://doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12252 DOI: 10.1111/gwmr.12252
[[File:Richardson1w2Fig1.png | thumb | 400px | Figure 1. Examples of low ''k'' geology. Upper left: bay muds, Oakland, California;
24 KB (3,501 words) - 01:48, 28 April 2022
[[File:Newell1w2Fig1.png |thumb|left|250px| Figure 1. Early, Middle, and Late Stage LNAPL releases<ref name="Sale2018" />. The
...o Middle Stage and then to Late Stage sites<ref name="Sale2018" /> (Figure 1).
23 KB (3,413 words) - 17:17, 24 September 2020
...itrcweb.org/ Website] [//www.enviro.wiki/images/2/2e/ITRC_PFAS-1.pdf Report.pdf]</ref>.
...ironmental Quality (TCEQ), 2021. Texas Risk Reduction Program (TRRP), Tier 1 Protective Concentration Levels (PCL) Tables. [http://www.tceq.texas.gov/a
24 KB (3,254 words) - 21:10, 23 March 2022
[[File:NewellMatrixDiffFig1.PNG | thumb |500px| Figure 1. Diffusion of a dissolved solute (chlorinated solvent) into lower ''K'' zo
...f low ''K'' zones, slowing the cleanup rate in the high ''K'' zone (Figure 1). This process, termed ‘back diffusion’, can greatly extend cleanup ti
18 KB (2,375 words) - 21:38, 26 April 2022
...Download from ITRC]. [//www.enviro.wiki/images/2/2e/ITRC_PFAS-1.pdf Report.pdf]</ref>
[[File:AndersonBrusseau1w2Fig1.png | thumb | 600px | Figure 1. Illustration of PFAS partitioning and transformation processes. Source: D.
37 KB (5,021 words) - 00:58, 28 April 2022
...onduction Heating for ''In-situ'' Thermal Desorption of Soils. Chapter 4.6-1 in: Chang H. Oh (ed.), Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologi
[[File:Heron ISTD Fig1.jpg|thumbnail|left|600 px|Figure 1. Thermal Conduction Heating (TCH) schematic.]]
12 KB (1,679 words) - 02:41, 28 April 2022
...Information on PFAS. [https://www.epa.gov/pfas/basic-information-pfas#tab-1 Website]</ref>. Although PFAS and PFAS-containing products have been manufa
...tps://pfas-1.itrcweb.org/ Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), PFAS-1. ITRC 2020.]<ref name="ITRC2020" />
49 KB (6,732 words) - 01:26, 28 April 2022
...ojects to develop innovative treatment solutions for emerging contaminants 1,4-dioxane and PFAS. Dora is also the Interstate Technology and Regulatory C
1 KB (136 words) - 16:13, 20 February 2024
[[File: Gschwend1w2fig1.png | thumb | 300px | Figure 1. A representation of a clam living in a sediment bed that contains a chemi
...on and New York Harbor Sediments. Environmental Science and Technology, 39(1), pp.141-148. [https://doi.org/10.1021/es049424+ DOI: 10.1021/es049424+]</
29 KB (4,169 words) - 21:40, 11 January 2022
...eam plasma jet for treatment of contaminated water with high-concentration 1,4-dioxane organic pollutants. Europhysics Letters, 101(4), p.45001. [https:
...2 12.2 Field-Implemented Liquids Treatment Technologies] and [https://pfas-1.itrcweb.org/12-treatment-technologies/#12_5 12.5 Limited Application and De
23 KB (3,126 words) - 01:00, 28 April 2022
...ation of Contaminated Sediments. Springer, New York, NY. 462 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4614-6725-0</ref>
[[File:SedCapFig1.png|thumb|left|470px|Figure 1. Conceptual sketch of a cap configuration]]
25 KB (3,722 words) - 20:37, 26 April 2022
...(RDX), [[wikipedia:2,4-Dinitroanisole|2,4-dinitroanisole]] (DNAN), 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), and [[wikipedia:Nitroguanidine|nitroguanidine]] (N
*Environmental Organic Chemistry, Chapter 15: Direct Photolysis<ref name=":1">Schwarzenbach, R.P., Gschwend, P.M., and Imboden, D.M., 2003. Chapter 15
42 KB (5,883 words) - 20:12, 11 April 2024
...2-8. [https://doi.org/10.1897/IEAM_2004a-002.1 DOI: 10.1897/IEAM_2004a-002.1] [//www.enviro.wiki/images/3/3f/Apitz2005a.pdf Article pdf]</ref>
...4. [https://doi.org/10.1897/IEAM_2004a-002e.1 DOI: 10.1897/IEAM_2004a-002e.1]</ref>
58 KB (8,063 words) - 20:04, 27 April 2022
:1 South Cottages, The Ford<br />
1 KB (190 words) - 15:03, 7 February 2022
...ting formulation: [https://media.defense.gov/2023/Jan/12/2003144157/-1/-1/1/MILITARY-SPECIFICATION-FOR-FIRE-EXTINGUISHING-AGENT-FLUORINE-FREE-FOAM-F3-L
...to aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)<ref name="LangEtAl2022"/> (see Figure 1).
35 KB (4,663 words) - 14:11, 29 March 2024
...s and Amphibians. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 46(1), pp. 75–97. [https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-112414-054450 doi:1
...ions: what’s what and the way forward. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 28(1), pp. 58–66. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2012.07.013 doi: 10.1016/j.t
48 KB (6,952 words) - 14:40, 1 April 2024
...ll have cascading impacts on wildlife and habitat</onlyinclude><ref name=":1">Inkley, D. B., Anderson, M. G., Blaustein, A. R., Burkett, V. R., Felzer,
...dlife in North America. Wildlife Society Technical Review 04-2]<ref name=":1" />
14 KB (2,031 words) - 14:33, 1 April 2024
...c Chemistry, 3rd Edition. John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, 1024 pages. ISBN: 978-1-118-76723-8</ref>
[[File:AbioMCredFig1.PNG | thumb |left|300px|Figure 1. Common munitions compounds. TNT and RDX are legacy explosives. DNAN, NTO,
76 KB (9,338 words) - 01:27, 28 April 2022
