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| style="width:55%;" |<center><span style="font-size:175%; line-height: 0.2em; vertical-align:top;"><big><span style="color:#008566">Welcome to '''ENVIRO'''</span> <span style="color:#762a87">'''Wiki'''</span></big></span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:150%; color:#008566; line-height: 0.2em; vertical-align:top;"> Peer Reviewed.  Accessible.  Written By Experts</span></center>
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| style="width:40%;" |<center><span style="font-size:110%; vertical-align:top;"> ''Developed and brought to you by '' <br>[[File:MainLogo-serdp-estcp.png|link=https://www.serdp-estcp.org |frameless|center|350px]]</span>''<span style="font-size:140%; vertical-align:top;">Your Environmental Information Gateway</span>''
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<div style="font-size:162%; border:none; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">Welcome to Environmental Restoration Wiki</div>
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|<span style="width:55%; line-height: 0.3em;"> The goal of ENVIRO Wiki is to make scientific and engineering research results more accessible to environmental professionals, facilitating the permitting, design and implementation of environmental projects.  Articles are written and edited by invited experts (see [[Contributors]]) to summarize current knowledge for the target audience on an array of topics, with cross-linked references to reports and technical literature. </span>
<div style="top:+0.2em; font-size:95%;">The source for current science in the field of environmental remediation.</div>
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|<center><span style="font-size:130%"><br />[[#Table of Contents|See Table of Contents]]</span>
<div id="articlecount" style="font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles in [[English language|English]]</div>
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* [[Common Groundwater Contaminants]]
 
* [[Fluid Flow and Transport]]
 
* [[Characterization]]
 
* [[Degradation Process]]
 
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* [[In Situ Remediation Technologies|In Situ Remediation Technologies]]
 
* [[Performance Evaluation]]
 
* [[Health and Environmental Impacts]]
 
* [[Regulatory Issues and Site Management]]
 
 
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<h2 id="mp-tfa-h2" style="margin:0.5em; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"> Featured article: Restoration of Ecological Function in Terrestrial Systems Impacted by Invasive Species</h2>
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<div id="mp-tfa" style="padding:0.0em 1.0em;">[[File:ThierryFig1.png|450px|left|link=Restoration of Ecological Function in Terrestrial Systems Impacted by Invasive Species]]<dailyfeaturedpage></dailyfeaturedpage>&nbsp;&nbsp;
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[[Restoration of Ecological Function in Terrestrial Systems Impacted by Invasive Species|(Full article...)]] </div>
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<h2 id="mp-itn-h2" style="margin:0.5em; background:#cedff2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Enviro Wiki Highlights</h2>
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<!--        WELCOME TO ESTCPEDIA; TARGET AUDIENCE-->
 
| class="MainPageBG" style="width:50%; border:1px solid #cef2e0; background:#f5fffa; vertical-align:top; color:#000;" |
 
{| id="mp-left" style="width:100%; vertical-align:top; background:#f5fffa;"
 
| style="padding:2px;" | <h2 id="mp-tfa-h2" style="margin:3px; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Welcome to ESTCPedia <span style="font-size:85%; font-weight:normal;"> by M. Tony Lieberman</span></h2>
 
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| style="color:#000;" | <div id="mp-tfa" style="padding:2px 5px">[[File:MainLogo-serdp-estcp.png |frameless|left|300px]]Welcome to ESTCPedia.  We’re glad you’re here!  ESTCPedia provides one of the most comprehensive repositories of information about environmental restoration technology available on the web.  Since 19__, the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) and Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP), the premier Department of Defense’s (DOD's) environmental research programs, have funded the latest science and technology ideas and initiatives to improve DOD’s environmental performance, reduce costs and enhance and sustain mission capabilities.  SERDP and ESTCP also promote partnerships and collaboration among academia, industry, the military Services, and other Federal agencies.  The outputs from these efforts are presented in research reports, journal articles, proceedings, and books written at a very high level by a multitude of researchers worldwide.    Unfortunately, project professionals that need very specific information on a certain subject generally do not have time or budget to access, review and sort through the vast amount of research, testing and performance evaluation information that is available.  Users unfamiliar with the topic, but needing to learn about it and get up-to-speed quickly, risk using conflicting or outdated information, as well as missing important or definitive works.  ESTCPedia minimizes this risk.  ESTCPedia engages world-reknown subject matter experts to synthesize the world of information on one topic into an article summarizing their area of expertise.  Through extensive cross-linked references to ESTCP-SERDP project reports and the general wealth of literature accumulated through the years, each ESTCPedia article provides a technically accurate, up-to-date review of the current state of knowledge on that topic.  It provides users with an in-depth understanding of a specific issue or problem that can be used reliably in the decision-making process for managing, regulating and implementing a project.</div>
 
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| style="padding:2px;" | <h2 id="mp-dyk-h2" style="margin:3px; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Did you know...</h2>
 
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| style="color:#000; padding:2px 5px 5px;" | <div id="mp-dyk">This section will provide current information of interest to the Environmental Restoration Community including new developments on ESTCPedia. Related updates can be found at [http://www.estcp-serdp.org ESTCP / SERDP Website]</div>
 
  
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[[File:WH Picture1.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Matrix Diffusion|Molecular diffusion slowly transports solutes into clay-rich, lower permeability zones]]
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[[File:WH Picture2.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Subgrade Biogeochemical Reactor (SBGR)|Typical subgrade biogeochemical reactor (SBGR) layout. The SBGR is an in situ remediation technology for treatment of contaminated source areas and groundwater plume hot spots<br/>]]
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[[File:WH Picture3.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Direct Push Logging|An Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT) log with electrical conductivity (EC) on left, injection pressure in middle, and flow rate on the right]]
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[[File:WH Picture4.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=PH Buffering in Aquifers|Diagram of mineral surface exchanging hydrogen ions with varying pH. The surface of most aquifer minerals carries an electrical charge that varies with pH]]
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[[File:WH Picture5.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Biodegradation - Hydrocarbons|Comparison of the longitudinal redox zonation concept (A) and the plume fringe concept (B). Both concepts describe the spatial distribution of electron acceptors and respiration processes in a hydrocarbon contaminant plume]]
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[[File:WH Picture6.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Direct Push Logging|Schematic of an Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT) probe. HPT were developed to better understand formation permeability and the distribution of permeable and low permeability zones in unconsolidated formations]]
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[[File:WH Picture7.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Chemical Oxidation Design Considerations(In Situ - ISCO)|In situ chemical oxidation using (a) direct-push injection probes or (b) well-to-well flushing to delivery oxidants (shown in blue) into a target treatment zone of groundwater contaminated by dense nonaqueous phase liquid compounds (shown in red)]]
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[[File:WH Picture8.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Geophysical Methods - Case_Studies|High-resolution 3D cross-borehole electrical imaging of contaminated fractured rock at the former Naval Air Warfare Center in New Jersey. Cross-borehole resistivity tomography imaging is a geophysical technique that can be used for site characterization and monitoring by observing variations in the electrical properties of subsurface materials]]
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[[File:WH Picture9.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Stable_Isotope_Probing_(SIP)|Stable isotope probing (SIP) in use: Loading, deployment and recovery of Bio-Trap® passive sampler with 13C-labeled benzene. Stable isotope probing (SIP) is used to conclusively determine whether in situ biodegradation of a contaminant is occurring]]
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[[File:WH Picture10.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=1,2,3-Trichloropropane|Summary of anticipated, primary reaction pathways for degradation of 1,2,3-Trichloropropane (TCP). TCP is a man-made chemical that was used in the past primarily as a solvent and extractive agent, a paint and varnish remover, and as a cleaning and degreasing agent]]
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[[File:WH Picture11.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Fuels|Distribution of BTEX plume lengths from 604 hydrocarbon sites. Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) is one of the most commonly used remediation approaches for groundwater contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) and certain fuel additives such as fuel oxygenates or lead scavengers]]
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[[File:WH Picture12.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Groundwater Sampling - No-Purge/Passive|No-purge and passive sampling methods eliminate the pre-purging step for groundwater sample collection and represent alternatives to conventional sampling methods that rely on low-flow purging of a well prior to collection. The Snap SamplerTM is an example of a passive grab sampler]]
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[[File:WH Picture13.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD)|Conceptualization of Vapor Transport-related Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD) processes at a Petroleum Release Site]]
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[[File:WH Picture14.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE)|Conceptual diagram of basic Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE) system for vadose zone remediation. (SVE) is a common and typically effective physical treatment process for remediation of volatile contaminants in vadose zone (unsaturated) soils]]
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[[File:WH Picture15.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Emulsified Vegetable Oil (EVO) for Anaerobic Bioremediation|Emulsified Vegetable Oil (EVO) mixed in field during early pilot test. EVO is commonly added as a slowly fermentable substrate to stimulate the in situ anaerobic bioremediation of chlorinated solvents, explosives, perchlorate, chromate, and other contaminants]]
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[[File:WH Picture16.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Vapor_Intrusion_(VI)|Key elements of vapor intrusion pathways]]
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[[File:WH Picture17.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Sorption_of_Organic_Contaminants|Batch reactor experiments to generate points on a sorption isotherm]]
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[[File:WH Picture18.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Metagenomics|Results for metagenomic analysis of a groundwater sample obtained from a site impacted with petroleum hydrocarbons]]
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[[File:WH Picture19.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Perchlorate|Perchlorate releases and drinking water detections]]
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[[File:WH Picture20.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Mass_Flux_and_Mass_Discharge|Data input screen for ESTCP Mass Flux Toolkit]]
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[[File:WH Picture21.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Bioremediation_-_Anaerobic_Design_Considerations|Amendment addition for biobarrier]]
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[[File:WH Picture22.JPG|thumb|center|x350px|link=Thermal Conduction Heating (TCH)|Thermal Remediation - Desorption schematic]]
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[[File:WH_Picture23.jpg|thumb|center|x350px|link=Contaminated_Sediments_-_Introduction |Key exposure pathways for human health risk from contaminated sediments]]
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[[File:WH_Picture24.jpg|thumb|center|x350px|link=Perfluoroalkyl_and_Polyfluoroalkyl_Substances_(PFAS)| The PFAS family of compounds]]
  
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| style="padding:2px;" | <h2 id="mp-dyk-h2" style="margin:3px; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">MAJOR ARTICLES ON THE WIKI</h2>
 
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| style="color:#000; padding:2px 5px 5px;" | <div id="mp-dyk">
 
# [[Common Groundwater Contaminants]]
 
##[[Chlorinated Solvents | Chlorinated Solvents]]
 
##[[Petroleum Hydrocarbons]]
 
##[[Explosives and Propellants Range Treatment]]
 
##[[Metals and Radionuclides]]
 
##[[1,4-Dioxane]]
 
##[[N-Nitrosodimethlyamine - NDMA]]
 
##[[Perfluorinated Organics - PFCs]]
 
##[[Trichloropropane - TCP]]
 
# [[Fluid Flow and Transport|Fluid Transport]]
 
##[[Advection, Dispersion, and Diffusion]]
 
##[[Sorption]]
 
##[[Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (NAPL) Migration]]
 
# [[Characterization|Characterization]]
 
##[[Direct Push]]
 
##[[Geophysics]]
 
##[[Molecular Biology Tools - MBTs]]
 
##[[Stable Isotopes]]
 
# [[Degradation Process|Processes]]
 
##[[Abiotic]]
 
##[[Biotic]]
 
# [[ In Situ Remediation Technologies]]
 
##[[Air sparging and Soil Vacuum Extraction]]
 
##[[Surfactants and Cosolvents]]
 
##[[In Situ Chemical Oxidation - ISCO]]
 
##[[In Situ Chemical Reduction - ISCR]]
 
##[[Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation]]
 
###[[Aerobic]]
 
###[[Cometabolic]]
 
###[[Anaerobic Bioremediation]]
 
##[[In Situ Thermal]]
 
##[[Monitored Natural Attenuation - MNA]]
 
##[[Amendment Delivery Technologies]]
 
###[[Hydraulic and Pneumatic Fracturing]]
 
###[[Viscosity Modification]]
 
###[[Electro Kinetics]]
 
##[[In Situ Combustion - smoldering]]
 
# [[Performance Evaluation|Performance]]
 
##[[Source Zone Modeling]]
 
##[[Plume Response Modeling]]
 
##[[Mass Flux and Mass Discharge]]
 
##[[Long-term Monitoring]]
 
##[[Soil Vapor Intrusion]]
 
##[[Ecological Impacts]]
 
# [[Health and Environmental Impacts]]
 
# [[Regulatory Issues and Site Management]]
 
 
</div>
 
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<!--        IN THE NEWS; ON THIS DAY        -->
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| style="padding:2px;" |<h2 id="mp-tfa-h2_2" style="margin:3px; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:center; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span id="#Table of Contents"></span>Table of Contents <span style="font-size:85%; font-weight:bold;"></span></h2>
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{| style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;"  
| style="padding:2px;" | <h2 id="mp-itn-h2" style="margin:3px; background:#cedff2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Target Audience</h2>
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| style="vertical-align:top;" |
|-
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<u>'''[[Transport & Attenuation Processes | Attenuation & Transport Processes]]'''</u>
| style="color:#000; padding:2px 5px;" | <div id="mp-itn">[[File: Target_audience.jpg|frameless|left|85px]]ESTCPedia is an unsurpassed resource.  SERDP and ESTCP have supported an extensive portfolio of projects that have substantially improved our understanding of subsurface processes and the effectiveness of different remediation approaches.  In conjunction with the mountain of information in the academic and governmental literature, ESTCPedia is a way to allow this information to percolate down to line staff that actually manages, regulates and implements projects.  It is useful to DOD Remedial Project Managers (RPMs), State and Federal regulators, consultants, academic researchers, students and public stakeholders.  ESTCPedia is a one-stop compendium of the latest information related to environmental restoration technologies.</div>
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|-
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*[[Biodegradation - 1,4-Dioxane]]
| style="padding:2px;" | <h2 id="mp-otd-h2" style="margin:3px; background:#cedff2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Editors, Authors and Contributors...</h2>
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*[[Biodegradation - Cometabolic]]
|-
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*[[Biodegradation - Hydrocarbons]]
| style="color:#000; padding:2px 5px 5px;" | <div id="mp-otd">ESTCPedia articles are written by academic / industry experts.  Many of these experts have already written similar articles for SERDP-ESTCP as part of the existing monograph series or for other publications.  The editorial team includes Dr. Robert  C. Borden, P.E. (Solutions-IES, Inc., Raleigh, NC),  Dr. Charles J. Newell, P.E. BCEE (GSI Environmental, Inc., Houston, TX) and Dr. Rula Deeb, BCEEM, PHP (Geosyntec, Oakland, CA). Primary and contributing authors for each article in ESTCPedia are identified with each entry. 
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*[[Biodegradation - Reductive Processes]]
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*[[Groundwater Flow and Solute Transport]]
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*[[Matrix Diffusion]]
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*[[Metals and Metalloids - Mobility in Groundwater | Mobility of Metals and Metalloids]]
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*[[pH Buffering in Aquifers]]
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*[[Sorption of Organic Contaminants]]
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*[[Vapor Intrusion (VI)]]
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**[[Vapor Intrusion - Separation Distances from Petroleum Sources]]
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**[[Vapor Intrusion – Sewers and Utility Tunnels as Preferential Pathways|Vapor Intrusion - Sewers and Utility Tunnels as Preferential Pathways]]
  
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<u>'''[[Characterization, Assessment & Monitoring]]'''</u>
  
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:96%">
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*[[Characterization Methods – Hydraulic Conductivity]]
Dr. Robert C. Borden, P.E., Solutions-IES, Inc.<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
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*[[Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)|Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)]]
<hr>
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*[[Direct Push (DP) Technology]]
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**[[Direct Push Logging | Direct Push Logging]]
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**[[Direct Push Sampling | Direct Push Sampling]]
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*[[Geophysical Methods | Geophysical Methods]]
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**[[Geophysical Methods - Case Studies | Case Studies]]
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*[[Groundwater Sampling - No-Purge/Passive]]
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*[[Long-Term Monitoring (LTM)|Long-Term Monitoring (LTM)]]
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**[[Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) - Data Analysis | LTM Data Analysis]]
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**[[Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) - Data Variability | LTM Data Variability]]
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*[[Molecular Biological Tools - MBTs | Molecular Biological Tools (MBTs)]]
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**[[Metagenomics]]
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**[[Proteomics and Proteogenomics]]
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**[[Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)]]
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**[[Stable Isotope Probing (SIP)]]
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*[[Natural Attenuation in Source Zone and Groundwater Plume - Bemidji Crude Oil Spill | Natural Attenuation in Source Zone and Groundwater Plume&nbsp;-<br /> Bemidji Crude Oil Spill]]
  
Dr. Bob Borden is an internationally recognized remediation expert.  He serves as Principal Engineer at SIES and Professor Emeritus at North Carolina State University (NCSU).  He specializes in natural and enhanced bioremediation of hazardous materials in the subsurface, contaminant fate and transport, and non-biological remediation technologies.  Dr. Borden is the author of over 100 publications and has been the principal investigator on over 30 different projects.  He was honored with a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2010 Battelle Conference as a pioneer in bioremediation, bridging the gap between academics and real world solutions.
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<u>'''[[Climate Change Primer | Climate Change]]'''</u>
  
Dr. Borden’s work has led to cost-effective environmental solutions worldwide. His principal work has focused on studies of contaminant biodegradation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, development of innovative field methods to measure degradation rates under in situ conditions, and mathematical modeling of natural and enhanced bioremediation.  He has led laboratory and field studies examining: (1) aerobic biodegradation of fuel oxygenates (MTBE and TBA) and related ethers (THF and 1,4-dioxane); (2) reductive dechlorination of chlorinated solvents using a variety of soluble and insoluble substrates; and (3) biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons under aerobic, denitrifying, iron and sulfate reducing conditions.  His technology transfer activities have included: a) development of computer programs, design tools, and technical protocols; b) over 30 in-person short-courses for USEPA, AFCEE, ASCE, NSPE, NC Erosion and Sedimentation Program, Battelle, Taiwan EPA, SERDP-ESTCP, and NARPM; and c) multiple online webinars.
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*[[Climate Change Effects on Wildlife]]
</div>
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*[[Downscaled High Resolution Datasets for Climate Change Projections]]
</div>
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*[[Infrastructure Resilience]]
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*[[Predicting Species Responses to Climate Change with Population Models]]
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*[[Restoration of Ecological Function in Terrestrial Systems Impacted by Invasive Species]]
  
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:96%">
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<u>'''[[Coastal and Estuarine Ecology]]'''</u>
Dr. Charles J. Newell, P.E. BCEE, GSI Environmental Inc.
 
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
 
<hr>
 
  
Dr. Chuck Newell is a Vice President of GSI Environmental Inc. (GSI) and has 31 years of experience managing environmental engineering projects.  He is a member of the American Academy of Environmental Engineers, a NGWA Certified Ground Water Professional, and an Adjunct Professor at Rice University.  He has co-authored three EPA publications, five environmental decision support software systems, numerous technical articles, and two books:  Natural Attenuation of Fuels and Chlorinated Solvents and Ground Water Contamination: Transport and Remediation.
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*[[Phytoplankton (Algae) Blooms]]
  
His professional expertise includes site characterization, groundwater modeling, non-aqueous phase liquids, source zones, remediation performance, risk assessment, natural attenuation, bioremediation, non-point source studies, software development, and long-term monitoring projects.  He has also served as a technical facilitator for groups trying to reach consensus regarding complex environmental issues.  Since 1990 he has acted as Principal Investigator or Co-PI for 45 research/development/tech transfer projects for Department of Energy, Department of Defense, U.S. EPA, and other agencies.
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| style="width:33%; vertical-align:top; " |
.</div>
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<u>'''[[Contaminated Sediments - Introduction | Contaminated Sediments]]'''</u>
</div>
 
  
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:96%">
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*[[Contaminated Sediment Risk Assessment]]
Dr. Rula Deeb, BCEEM, Geosyntec Consultants, Inc.
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*[[In Situ Treatment of Contaminated Sediments with Activated Carbon]]
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
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*[[Mercury in Sediments]]
<hr>
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*[[Passive Sampling of Sediments]]
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*[[Sediment Capping]]
  
Dr. Rula Deeb is a Principal Civil and Environmental Engineer at Geosyntec, Inc. with more than 25 years of experience in private practice and academia addressing the cross-media fate and transport of contaminants and the remediation of complex soil and groundwater sites impacted by non-aqueous phase liquids. In both academic and industrial settings, Dr. Deeb has led and collaborated on many research and demonstration efforts promoting awareness and improved the understanding of the sources, occurrence, fate and transport, and behavior of several of the most challenging environmental contaminants to date, including perfluorinated compounds, 1,4-dioxane, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and other fuel oxygenates, perchlorate, n-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). Dr. Deeb was selected as a National Science Foundation Engineering Education Scholar for Excellence in Engineering Education and has been Principal Investigator for several ESTCP-funded environmental restoration projects. (PPCPs).</div>
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<u>'''[[Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (LNAPLs)]]'''</u>
  
</div>
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*[[LNAPL Conceptual Site Models]]
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*[[LNAPL Remediation Technologies]]
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*[[NAPL Mobility]]
  
 +
<u>'''[[Munitions Constituents]]'''</u>
  
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*[[Munitions Constituents - Abiotic Reduction| Abiotic Reduction]]
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*[[Munitions Constituents - Alkaline Degradation| Alkaline Degradation]]
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*[[Munitions Constituents - Composting| Composting]]
|-
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*[[Munitions Constituents - Deposition | Deposition]]
| style="color:#000; padding:2px 5px;" | <div id="mp-itn"> [mailto:info@environmentalrestoration.wiki CONTACT US BY EMAIL]
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*[[Munitions Constituents - Dissolution | Dissolution]]
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*[[Metal(loid)s - Small Arms Ranges]]
 +
*[[Passive Sampling of Munitions Constituents| Passive Sampling]]
 +
*[[Munitions Constituents – Photolysis | Photolysis]]
 +
*[[Munitions Constituents - Soil Sampling | Soil Sampling]]
 +
*[[Munitions Constituents - Sorption | Sorption]]
 +
*[[Munitions Constituents - IM Toxicology | Toxicology]]
 +
*[[Munitions Constituents- TREECS™ Fate and Risk Modeling|TREECS™]]
  
[[special:contact | USE ONLINE CONTACT FORM]]
+
<u>'''[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA)]]'''</u>
</div>
 
  
<!-- Here begins blue section 5 -->
+
*[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Chlorinated Solvents| MNA of Chlorinated Solvents]]
|-
+
*[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Fuels| MNA of Fuels]]
| style="padding:2px;" | <h2 id="mp-otd-h2" style="margin:3px; background:#cedff2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">VIDEO OF THE DAY</h2>
+
*[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Metal and Metalloids| MNA of Metals and Metalloids]]
 +
*[[Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD)]]
 +
*[[Monitored Natural Attenuation - Transitioning from Active Remedies| Transitioning from Active Remedies]]
  
 +
<u>'''[[Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)]]'''</u>
  
<youtube align="center" width="400" height="240">https://youtu.be/MVqH-C5VhQY</youtube>
+
*[[PFAS Ex Situ Water Treatment]]
 +
*[[PFAS Soil Remediation Technologies]]
 +
*[[PFAS Sources]]
 +
*[[PFAS Transport and Fate]]
 +
*[[PFAS Treatment by Electrical Discharge Plasma]]
  
</div>
+
<u>'''[[Regulatory Issues and Site Management]]'''</u>
  
 +
*[[Alternative Endpoints]]
 +
*[[Mass Flux and Mass Discharge]]
 +
*[[Plume Response Modeling]]
 +
*[[REMChlor - MD | REMChlor-MD]]
 +
*[[Source Zone Modeling]]
 +
*[[Sustainable Remediation]]
  
 +
| style="width:33%; vertical-align:top; " |<u>'''[[Remediation Technologies]]'''</u>
 +
*[[Amendment Distribution in Low Conductivity Materials]]
 +
*[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic|Anaerobic Bioremediation]]
 +
**[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic Design Considerations | Design Considerations]]
 +
**[[Design Tool - Base Addition for ERD]]
 +
**[[Emulsified Vegetable Oil (EVO) for Anaerobic Bioremediation]]
 +
**[[Low pH Inhibition of Reductive Dechlorination]]
 +
**[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic Secondary Water Quality Impacts | Secondary Water Quality Impacts]]
 +
*[[Chemical Oxidation (In Situ - ISCO) | In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO)]]
 +
**[[Chemical Oxidation Design Considerations(In Situ - ISCO) | Design Considerations]]
 +
**[[Chemical Oxidation Oxidant Selection (In Situ - ISCO) | Oxidant Selection]]
 +
*[[Chemical Reduction (In Situ - ISCR) | In Situ Chemical Reduction (ISCR)]]
 +
**[[Zerovalent Iron (ZVI) (Chemical Reduction - ISCR) | Zero-Valent Iron (ZVI)]]
 +
**[[Zerovalent Iron Permeable Reactive Barriers]]
 +
*[[In Situ Groundwater Treatment with Activated Carbon]]
 +
*[[Injection Techniques for Liquid Amendments]]
 +
*[[Injection Techniques - Viscosity Modification]]
 +
*[[Landfarming]]
 +
*[[Metal and Metalloids - Remediation | Remediation of Metals and Metalloids]]
 +
*[[Remediation Performance Assessment at Chlorinated Solvent Sites]]
 +
*[[Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE)]]
 +
*[[Stream Restoration]]
 +
*[[Subgrade Biogeochemical Reactor (SBGR)]]
 +
*[[Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO)]]
 +
*[[Thermal Remediation]]
 +
**[[Thermal Remediation - Combined Remedies | Combined Remedies]]
 +
**[[Thermal Remediation - Electrical Resistance Heating | Electrical Resistance Heating (ERH)]]
 +
**[[Thermal Remediation - Smoldering | Smoldering]]
 +
**[[Thermal Remediation - Steam | Steam Enhanced Extraction (SEE)]]
 +
**[[Thermal Conduction Heating (TCH)]]
  
 +
<u>'''[[Soil & Groundwater Contaminants]]'''</u>
  
 +
*[[1,2,3-Trichloropropane]]
 +
*[[1,4-Dioxane]]
 +
*[[Chlorinated Solvents]]
 +
*[[Metal and Metalloid Contaminants|Metals and Metalloids]]
 +
*[[N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)]]
 +
*[[Perchlorate|Perchlorate]]
 +
*[[Petroleum Hydrocarbons (PHCs)]]
 +
*[[Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)]]
 +
|}
 
|}
 
|}
 
 
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Revision as of 19:25, 30 December 2023

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The goal of ENVIRO Wiki is to make scientific and engineering research results more accessible to environmental professionals, facilitating the permitting, design and implementation of environmental projects. Articles are written and edited by invited experts (see Contributors) to summarize current knowledge for the target audience on an array of topics, with cross-linked references to reports and technical literature.

See Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Attenuation & Transport Processes

Characterization, Assessment & Monitoring

Climate Change

Coastal and Estuarine Ecology

Contaminated Sediments

Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (LNAPLs)

Munitions Constituents

Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA)

Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)

Regulatory Issues and Site Management

Remediation Technologies

Soil & Groundwater Contaminants